也许很多人认为shell不能并发任务，其实可通过其它一些方式来实现。下面的脚本是我批量快速管理500+服务器脚本，阅读该脚本前建议先看《自动执行远程主机命令expect脚本》、《自动远程拷贝expect脚本》和《getopt：命令行选项、参数处理》
用法：
Usage: ./multi_main.sh [-h|--help]
[-v|-V|--version]
[-l|--iplist ... ]
[-c|--config ... ]
[-t|--sshtimeout ... ]
[-T|--fttimeout ... ]
[-L|--bwlimit ... ]
[-n|--ignore]cat config.txt #上传文件和执行命令
file:::~/scripts/test.sh /root/ push com:::./test.sh
cat iplist.txt #ip列表
# Usage: #ip port user password [password_2] [password_3] [password_4] # Example: #192.168.0.100 22 root 123456 192.168.0.200 22 root 123456 192.168.0.201 22 root 123456 ...
./multi_main.sh -c config.txt -l iplist.txt #开始执行，可查看result目录下的日志来分析是否执行成功
脚本如下：
- mssh.exp 执行远程服务器命令expect脚本
- mscp.exp 向远程服务器上传或下载文件expect脚本（rsync）
- thread.sh 向一台服务器发起动作
- ckssh.py 检查ssh是否通
- multi_main.sh 批量执行，对每台调用thread.sh
mssh.exp:
#!/usr/bin/expect --
if { [llength $argv] 小于号 4 } {
puts "Usage: $argv0 ip user passwd port commands timeout"
exit 1
}
match_max 600000
set ipcode [lindex $argv 0]
set ip [exec dc -e $ipcode]
set user [lindex $argv 1]
set passwdcode [lindex $argv 2]
set passwd [exec dc -e $passwdcode]
set portcode [lindex $argv 3]
set port [exec dc -e $portcode]
set commands [lindex $argv 4]
set timeoutflag [lindex $argv 5]
set yesnoflag 0
set timeout $timeoutflag
for {} {1} {} {
# for is only used to retry when "Interrupted system call" occured
spawn /usr/bin/ssh -o GSSAPIAuthentication=no -q -l$user -p$port $ip
expect {
"assword:" {
send "$passwdr"
break;
}
"yes/no)?" {
set yesnoflag 1
send "yesr"
break;
}
"FATAL" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip occur FATAL ERROR!!!n"
exit 1
}
timeout {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Logon timeout!!!n"
exit 1
}
"No route to host" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip No route to host!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Connection Refused" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Connection Refused!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Connection refused" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Connection Refused!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Host key verification failed" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Host key verification failed!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Illegal host key" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Illegal host key!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Connection Timed Out" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Logon timeout!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Interrupted system call" {
puts "n$ip Interrupted system call!!!n"
}
}
}
if { $yesnoflag == 1 } {
expect {
"assword:" {
send "$passwdr"
}
"yes/no)?" {
set yesnoflag 2
send "yesr"
}
}
}
if { $yesnoflag == 2 } {
expect {
"assword:" {
send "$passwdr"
}
}
}
expect {
"]" {send "$commands r"}
"assword:" {
send "$passwdr"
puts "nPASSWORDERROR: $ip Password error!!!n"
exit 1
}
}
expect {
"]" {send "sleep 1 r"}
}
expect {
"]" {send "exitr"}
}
expect eof {
puts "OK_SSH: $ipn"
exit 0;
}
mscp.exp:
#!/usr/bin/expect --
proc Usage_Exit {self} {
puts ""
puts "Usage: $self ip user passwd port sourcefile destdir direction bwlimit timeout"
puts ""
puts " sourcefile: a file or directory to be transferred"
puts " 需要拷贝目录时目录名后不要带 /, 否则会拷贝该目录下的所有文件"
puts " destdir: the location that the sourcefile to be put into"
puts " direction: pull or push"
puts " pull: remote -> local"
puts " push: local -> remote"
puts " bwlimit: bandwidth limit, kbit/s, 0 means no limit"
puts " timeout: timeout of expect, s, -1 means no timeout"
puts ""
exit 1
}
if { [llength $argv] < 9 } {
Usage_Exit $argv0
}
set ipcode [lindex $argv 0]
set ip [exec dc -e $ipcode]
set user [lindex $argv 1]
set passwduncode [lindex $argv 2]
set passwd [exec dc -e $passwduncode]
set portcode [lindex $argv 3]
set port [exec dc -e $portcode]
set sourcefile [lindex $argv 4]
set destdir [lindex $argv 5]
set direction [lindex $argv 6]
set bwlimit [lindex $argv 7]
set timeoutflag [lindex $argv 8]
set yesnoflag 0
set timeout $timeoutflag
for {} {1} {} {
# for is only used to retry when "Interrupted system call" occured
if { $direction == "pull" } {
if { $bwlimit > 0 } {
spawn rsync -crazP --bwlimit=$bwlimit -e "/usr/bin/ssh -o GSSAPIAuthentication=no -q -l$user -p$port" $ip:$sourcefile $destdir
} elseif { $bwlimit == 0 } {
spawn rsync -crazP -e "/usr/bin/ssh -o GSSAPIAuthentication=no -q -l$user -p$port" $ip:$sourcefile $destdir
} else {
Usage_Exit $argv0
}
} elseif { $direction == "push" } {
if { $bwlimit > 0 } {
spawn rsync -crazP --bwlimit=$bwlimit -e "/usr/bin/ssh -o GSSAPIAuthentication=no -q -l$user -p$port" $sourcefile $ip:$destdir
} elseif { $bwlimit == 0 } {
spawn rsync -crazP -e "/usr/bin/ssh -o GSSAPIAuthentication=no -q -l$user -p$port" $sourcefile $ip:$destdir
} else {
Usage_Exit $argv0
}
} else {
Usage_Exit $argv0
}
expect {
"assword:" {
send "$passwdr"
break;
}
"yes/no)?" {
set yesnoflag 1
send "yesr"
break;
}
"FATAL" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip occur FATAL ERROR!!!n"
exit 1
}
timeout {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Logon timeout!!!n"
exit 1
}
"No route to host" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip No route to host!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Connection Refused" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Connection Refused!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Connection refused" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Connection Refused!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Host key verification failed" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Host key verification failed!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Illegal host key" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Illegal host key!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Connection Timed Out" {
puts "nCONNECTERROR: $ip Logon timeout!!!n"
exit 1
}
"Interrupted system call" {
puts "n$ip Interrupted system call!!!n"
}
}
}
if { $yesnoflag == 1 } {
expect {
"assword:" {
send "$passwdr"
}
"yes/no)?" {
set yesnoflag 2
send "yesr"
}
}
}
if { $yesnoflag == 2 } {
expect {
"assword:" {
send "$passwdr"
}
}
}
expect {
"assword:" {
send "$passwdr"
puts "nPASSWORDERROR: $ip Password error!!!n"
exit 1
}
eof {
puts "OK_SCP: $ipn"
exit 0;
}
}
thread.sh:
#!/bin/bash
# Default Parameters
myIFS=":::" # 配置文件中的分隔符
TOOLDIR=~/scripts
cd $TOOLDIR
#BEGINDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"`
IP=$1P
PORT=$2P
USER=$3
PASSWD=$4P
CONFIG_FILE=$5 # 命令列表和文件传送配置列表，关键字为com:::和file:::
SSHTIMEOUT=$6 # 远程命令执行相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒
SCPTIMEOUT=$7 # 文件传送相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒
BWLIMIT=$8 # 文件传送的带宽限速，单位为kbit/s
# 针对一个$IP，执行配置文件中的一整套操作
while read eachline
do
# 必须以com或file开头
[ -z "`echo $eachline | grep -E '^com|^file'`" ] && continue
myKEYWORD=`echo $eachline | awk -F"$myIFS" '{ print $1 }'`
myCONFIGLINE=`echo $eachline | awk -F"$myIFS" '{ print $2 }'`
# 配置文件中有关键字file:::，就调用mscp.exp进行文件传送
if [ "$myKEYWORD"x == "file"x ]; then
SOURCEFILE=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $1 }'`
DESTDIR=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $2 }'`
DIRECTION=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $3 }'`
$TOOLDIR/mscp.exp $IP $USER $PASSWD $PORT $SOURCEFILE $DESTDIR $DIRECTION $BWLIMIT $SCPTIMEOUT
[ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -e "33[31mSCP Try Out All Password Failed33[0mn"
# 配置文件中有关键字com:::，就调用mssh.exp进行远程命令执行
elif [ "$myKEYWORD"x == "com"x ]; then
$TOOLDIR/mssh.exp $IP $USER $PASSWD $PORT "${myCONFIGLINE}" $SSHTIMEOUT
#echo $IP $USER $PASSWD $PORT "${myCONFIGLINE}" $SSHTIMEOUT
[ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -e "33[31mSSH Try Out All Password Failed33[0mn"
else
echo "ERROR: configuration wrong! [$eachline] "
echo " where KEYWORD should not be [$myKEYWORD], but 'com' or 'file'"
echo " if you dont want to run it, you can comment it with '#'"
echo ""
exit
fi
done < $CONFIG_FILE
#ENDDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"`
#echo "$BEGINDATETIME -- $ENDDATETIME"
#echo "$0 $* --excutes over!"
exit 0
ckssh.py:
#!/usr/bin/python
import socket,sys
sk = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sk.settimeout(1)
try:
sk.connect((sys.argv[1],int(sys.argv[2])))
print 'ok'
except Exception:
print 'no'
sk.close()
multi_main.sh:
#!/bin/bash
###################### proc defination ########################
# ignore rule
ignore_init()
{
# ignore password
array_ignore_pwd_length=0
if [ -f ./ignore_pwd ]; then
while read IGNORE_PWD
do
array_ignore_pwd[$array_ignore_pwd_length]=$IGNORE_PWD
let array_ignore_pwd_length=$array_ignore_pwd_length+1
done < ./ignore_pwd
fi
# ignore ip address
array_ignore_ip_length=0
if [ -f ./ignore_ip ]; then
while read IGNORE_IP
do
array_ignore_ip[$array_ignore_ip_length]=$IGNORE_IP
let array_ignore_ip_length=$array_ignore_ip_length+1
done < ./ignore_ip
fi
}
show_version()
{
echo "version: 1.0"
echo "updated date: 2014-05-28"
}
show_usage()
{
echo -e "`printf %-16s "Usage: $0"` [-h|--help]"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-v|-V|--version]"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-l|--iplist ... ]"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-c|--config ... ]"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-t|--sshtimeout ... ]"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-T|--fttimeout ... ]"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-L|--bwlimit ... ]"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-n|--ignore]"
#echo "ignr_flag: 'ignr'-some ip will be ignored; otherwise-all ip will be handled"
}
TOOLDIR=~/scripts
cd $TOOLDIR
IPLIST="iplist.txt" # IP列表，格式为IP 端口 用户名 密码
CONFIG_FILE="config.txt" # 命令列表和文件传送配置列表，关键字为com:::和file:::
IGNRFLAG="noignr" # 如果置为ignr，则脚本会进行忽略条件的判断
SSHTIMEOUT=100 # 远程命令执行相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒
SCPTIMEOUT=2000 # 文件传送相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒
BWLIMIT=1024000 # 文件传送的带宽限速，单位为kbit/s
[ ! -d "result" ] && mkdir result
# 入口参数分析
TEMP=`getopt -o hvVl:c:t:T:L:n --long help,version,iplist:,config:,sshtimeout:,fttimeout:,bwlimit:,ignore -- "$@" 2>/dev/null`
[ $? != 0 ] && echo -e "33[31mERROR: unknown argument! 33[0mn" && show_usage && exit 1
# 会将符合getopt参数规则的参数摆在前面，其他摆在后面，并在最后面添加--
eval set -- "$TEMP"
while :
do
[ -z "$1" ] && break;
case "$1" in
-h|--help)
show_usage; exit 0
;;
-v|-V|--version)
show_version; exit 0
;;
-l|--iplist)
IPLIST=$2; shift 2
;;
-c|--config)
CONFIG_FILE=$2; shift 2
;;
-t|--sshtimeout)
SSHTIMEOUT=$2; shift 2
;;
-T|--fttimeout)
SCPTIMEOUT=$2; shift 2
;;
-L|--bwlimit)
BWLIMIT=$2; shift 2
;;
-n|--ignore)
IGNRFLAG="ignr"; shift
;;
--)
shift
;;
*)
echo -e "33[31mERROR: unknown argument! 33[0mn" && show_usage && exit 1
;;
esac
done
################ main #######################
BEGINDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"`
[ ! -f $IPLIST ] && echo -e "33[31mERROR: iplist "$IPLIST" not exists, please check! 33[0mn" && exit 1
[ ! -f $CONFIG_FILE ] && echo -e "33[31mERROR: config "$CONFIG_FILE" not exists, please check! 33[0mn" && exit 1
IP_count=$(egrep -v '^#|^$' $IPLIST|wc -l)
IP_init=1
while [[ $IP_init -le $IP_count ]]
do
egrep -v '^#|^$' $IPLIST | sed -n "$IP_init,$(expr $IP_init + 50)p" > $IPLIST.tmp #并发50
IPSEQ=0
while read IP PORT USER PASSWD PASSWD_2ND PASSWD_3RD PASSWD_4TH OTHERS
# while read Line
do
[ -z "`echo $IP | grep -E '^[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}|CNS'`" ] && continue
if [ "`python $TOOLDIR/ckssh.py $IP $PORT`" == 'no' ];then
[ ! -e ipnologin.txt ] && > ipnologin.txt
[ -z "`grep $IP ipnologin.txt | grep $(date +%F)`" ] && echo "`date +%F_%H%M` $IP" >> ipnologin.txt
continue
fi
let IPSEQ=$IPSEQ+1
# 如果启用了忽略，则进入忽略流程
if [ $IGNRFLAG == "ignr" ]; then
ignore_init
ignored_flag=0
i=0
while [ $i -lt $array_ignore_pwd_length ]
do
[ ${PASSWD}x == ${array_ignore_pwd[$i]}x ] && ignored_flag=1 && break
let i=$i+1
done
[ $ignored_flag -eq 1 ] && continue
j=0
while [ $j -lt $array_ignore_ip_length ]
do
[ ${IP}x == ${array_ignore_ip[$j]}x ] && ignored_flag=1 && break
let j=$j+1
done
[ $ignored_flag -eq 1 ] && continue
fi
####### Try password from here ####
#for PW in $PASSWD $PASSWD_2ND $PASSWD_3RD $PASSWD_4TH
#do
# PASSWD_USE=$PW
# $TOOLDIR/ssh.exp $IP $USER $PW $PORT true $SSHTIMEOUT
# [ $? -eq 0 ] && PASSWD_USE=$PW && break
#done
PASSWD_USE=$PASSWD
IPcode=$(echo "ibase=16;$(echo "$IP" | xxd -ps -u)"|bc|tr -d '\'|tr -d 'n')
Portcode=$(echo "ibase=16;$(echo "$PORT" | xxd -ps -u)"|bc|tr -d '\'|tr -d 'n')
#USER=$USER
PWcode=$(echo "ibase=16;$(echo "$PASSWD_USE" | xxd -ps -u)"|bc|tr -d '\'|tr -d 'n')
Othercode=$(echo "ibase=16;$(echo "$OTHERS" | xxd -ps -u)"|bc|tr -d '\'|tr -d 'n')
#echo $IPcode $Portcode $USER $PWcode $CONFIG_FILE $SSHTIMEOUT $SCPTIMEOUT $BWLIMIT $Othercode
./thread.sh $IPcode $Portcode $USER $PWcode $CONFIG_FILE $SSHTIMEOUT $SCPTIMEOUT $BWLIMIT $Othercode | tee result/$IP.log &
done < $IPLIST.tmp
sleep 3
IP_init=$(expr $IP_init + 50)
done
ENDDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"`
echo "$BEGINDATETIME -- $ENDDATETIME"
echo "$0 $* --excutes over!"
exit 0